State v. Floyd

1
NOT DESIGNATED FOR PUBLICATION

No. 117,770

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF KANSAS

STATE OF KANSAS,
Appellee,

v.

JAMES DANIEL FLOYD,
Appellant.

MEMORANDUM OPINION

Appeal from Osborne District Court; PRESTON PRATT, judge. Opinion filed January 12, 2018.
Affirmed.

Submitted by the parties for summary disposition pursuant to K.S.A. 2016 Supp. 21-6820(g) and
(h).

Before MALONE, P.J., LEBEN and POWELL, JJ.

PER CURIAM: James Daniel Floyd appeals the district court's denial of his request
for jail time credit served in federal custody on an unrelated federal case. We granted
Floyd's motion for summary disposition pursuant to Supreme Court Rule 7.041A (2017
Kan. S. Ct. R. 48), to which the State filed no response. After review, we affirm the
district court.

In March 2014, Floyd pled guilty pursuant to a plea agreement to one count of
unlawful distribution of marijuana and one count of fleeing and eluding. At the time of
sentencing, Floyd had served 15 months in federal prison and was on parole. In May
2014, the Osborne County District Court granted Floyd 18 months' probation with an
2
underlying 22-month prison term on the unlawful distribution charge, with the sentence
to run concurrent with the sentence in his unrelated federal case. In addition, the district
court imposed a six-month prison term—which was suspended to 18 months' probation—
on the fleeing and eluding charge, to run concurrent with the sentence on the unlawful
distribution charge.

On July 14, 2015, Floyd was arrested in Mitchell County. He subsequently pled no
contest to one count of possession of drug paraphernalia. Following the State's motion to
revoke Floyd's probation based on the new conviction, the district court revoked his
probation and ordered him to serve the underlying 22-month prison sentence.

On December 1, 2015, Floyd filed a motion to correct illegal sentence pursuant to
K.S.A. 22-3504, alleging that the district court failed to give him credit for the time he
was in custody on the unrelated federal case. The district court summarily denied Floyd's
motion on the grounds that it did not have jurisdiction. On appeal, our court vacated and
remanded the district court's summary denial on jurisdictional grounds with directions for
the district court to make a determination on the merits. State v. Floyd, No. 115,699, 2016
WL 7179332, at *3 (Kan. App. 2016) (unpublished opinion).

At the remand hearing in March 2017, Floyd argued that he should receive jail
time credit from his time served in federal custody between January 11, 2013, and
December 31, 2013, claiming that the time served in federal custody was due, in part, to
his arrest in this case. Specifically, he was arrested on a federal charge in February 2012
and was on pretrial release until October 2012 when he was arrested in this case. Floyd
was taken into federal custody in January 2013 and was released to Osborne County on
December 31, 2013. Following arguments at the remand hearing, where the State agreed
with Floyd's argument, the district court denied Floyd's motion on the merits.

3
On appeal, Floyd argues that the district court erred in denying him jail time credit
for the time served in federal custody, before his plea and sentencing in the present case,
because the district court ordered the sentence in the present case to run concurrent with
the federal case.

"K.S.A. [2016] Supp. 21-6615(a), which is a recodification without substantive changes
of K.S.A. 21-4614, states in pertinent part:

"'In any criminal action in which the defendant is convicted, the judge, if the
judge sentences the defendant to confinement, shall direct that for the purpose of
computing defendant's sentence and parole eligibility and conditional release dates
thereunder, that such sentence is to be computed from a date, to be specifically
designated by the court in the sentencing order of the journal entry of judgment. Such
date shall be established to reflect and shall be computed as an allowance for the time
which the defendant has spent incarcerated pending the disposition of the defendant's
case.'" State v. Edwards, No. 109,685, 2014 WL 1612500, at *3 (Kan. App. 2014)
(unpublished opinion), rev. denied 301 Kan. 1049 (2015).

Generally, a sentencing court is required to give a defendant credit for time spent
in jail while the defendant awaits the disposition of the case. State v. Wheeler, 24 Kan.
App. 2d 616, 617, 949 P.2d 634 (1997), rev. denied 264 Kan. 824 (1998); State v.
Devaney, No. 110,866, 2015 WL 3632131, at *2 (Kan App. 2015) (unpublished opinion),
rev. denied 303 Kan. 1079 (2016). However, "a defendant is entitled only to credit for the
time held in custody solely on account of, or as a direct result of, those charges for which
he is now being sentenced." State v. Calderon, 233 Kan. 87, 98, 661 P.2d 781 (1983)
(citing Campbell v. State, 223 Kan. 528, 530-31, 575 P.2d 524 [1978]); see State v.
Lofton, 272 Kan. 216, 217-18, 32 P.3d 711 (2001); Edwards, 2014 WL 1612500, at *3. A
defendant is "not entitled to jail time credit for . . . time served in federal prison because
he was not held there solely on the state charge." State v. Heath, 25 Kan. App. 2d 587,
590, 967 P.2d 775, rev. denied 266 Kan. 1112 (1998).

4
Floyd did not serve time in federal custody between January and December 2013
solely on the charges from case 12CR26; that time served resulted from federal charges.
Because Floyd's time in federal custody was not based solely on his state charges, he was
not entitled to jail time credit for the time served in federal prison. The district court did
not err in denying his request for jail time credit.

Affirmed.