State v. Buettgenbach

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NOT DESIGNATED FOR PUBLICATION

No. 113,704

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF KANSAS

STATE OF KANSAS,
Appellee,

v.

BRENT J. BUETTGENBACH,
Appellant.


MEMORANDUM OPINION

Appeal from Nemaha District Court; JAMES A. PATTON, judge. Opinion filed August 19, 2016.
Appeal dismissed.

Corrine E. Gunning, of Kansas Appellate Defender Office, for appellant.

Brad M. Lippert, county attorney, and Derek Schmidt, attorney general, for appellee.

Before MALONE, C.J., BRUNS and SCHROEDER, JJ.

Per Curiam: Brent J. Buettgenbach appeals from the district court's revocation of
his probation. Since he has served his sentence, we find that his challenge is moot and
dismiss this appeal.

After Buettgenbach pled no contest to one count of burglary of a dwelling, the
district court sentenced him to serve 24 months' probation and imposed an underlying 18-
month prison sentence. In June and September 2014, Buettgenbach's intensive
supervision officer filed affidavits alleging that he had violated the terms of his probation.
During the revocation hearing held on January 29, 2015, Buettgenbach stipulated to the
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violations, and the district revoked his probation and imposed a modified 12-month
prison sentence. On appeal, Buettgenbach claims that the district court did not make
sufficient findings to justify bypassing intermediate sanctions and imposing the modified
prison sentence.

Based on these facts, it appeared that Buettgenbach had served his entire sentence.
Accordingly, we issued a show cause order directing Buettgenbach to explain why his
appeal is not moot. Shortly thereafter, he responded by conceding that he has completed
his sentence but asking us to retain the appeal pursuant to the exceptions to the mootness
doctrine.

As a general rule, appellate courts are not to decide moot questions or render
advisory opinions. State v. Bennett, 288 Kan. 86, 89, 200 P.3d 455 (2009). The test for
mootness is whether it is clearly and convincingly shown that the actual controversy has
ended, the only judgment that could be entered would be ineffectual for any purpose, and
it would not impact any of the parties' rights. State v. Williams, 298 Kan. 1075, 1082, 319
P.3d 528 (2014). A common exception to this rule is when the question is capable of
repetition and is of public importance. State v. Hilton, 295 Kan. 845, 850-51, 286 P.3d
871 (2012).

Public importance means more than that certain members of the general public are
interested in the decision of the appeal from motives of curiosity or because it may bear
upon their individual rights or serve as a guide for their future conduct. 295 Kan. at 851.
Kansas courts have broadly found an issue not capable of repetition when it is highly
unlikely that anyone in the appellant's circumstance could have obtained relief on appeal
before the issue became moot. See, e.g., Hilton, 295 Kan. at 851. In Kansas, a court will
determine a moot question of public importance if it finds that the value of its
determination as a precedent is sufficient to overcome the rule against considering moot
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questions. State ex rel. Stephan v. Johnson, 248 Kan. 286, 290, 807 P.2d 664 (1991)
(citing 5 Am. Jur. 2d, Appeal and Error § 768, pp. 210-11).

Initially, Buettgenbach argues that the revocation of his probation could possibly
be used against him in the future to deny him probation or to possibly subject him to an
upward departure sentence. Yet, he acknowledges that our Supreme Court rejected this
argument in State v. Montgomery, 295 Kan. 837, 843-44, 286 P.3d 866 (2012)
(concluding that the potential result of finding that a probationer was not amenable to
probation in the future was not a sufficient reason to find that an actual controversy
existed). We are duty bound to follow precedent from the Kansas Supreme Court absent
some indication that it intends to depart from its prior position. See State v. Hall, 298
Kan. 978, 983, 319 P.3d 506 (2014). Thus, we reject this assertion.

Next, Buettgenbach claims that the issue raised in his appeal is capable of
repetition and concerns a matter of public importance. In expanding on the latter, he
believes that our resolution of his appeal could make sentencing courts "more aware of
the requirements for when they revoke an offender's probation" thereby "diminishing
relaxed attitudes of district courts when considering revocation of probation." While we
agree that the issue is capable of repetition, we do not believe that a decision would serve
the purpose he asserts. Since the Kansas Legislature adopted the system of graduated
sanctions for certain probation violations on July 1, 2013, this court has published several
cases explaining the new law. See State v. McFeeters, 52 Kan. App. 2d 45, 362 P.3d 603
(2015); State v. McGill, 51 Kan. App. 2d 92, 340 P.3d 515, rev. denied 302 Kan. 1017
(2015).

We, therefore, conclude that further guidance from this panel is unnecessary and
dismiss this appeal.

Appeal dismissed.